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VERTICAL MERGER: The consolidation under a single ownership of two separately-owned businesses that have an input-output relationship, in which the output of one firm is the input of another. An example of a vertical merger would be a soft drink company merging with a sugar company to form a single firm. A vertical merger should be contrasted with horizontal merger--two competing firms in the same industry that sell the same products; and conglomerate merger--two firms in totally, completely separate industries.
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Lesson 20: Federal Reserve System | Unit 4: Monetary Policy
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Page: 14 of 20
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Topic:
Open Market Operations
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Open market operations are the most important tool of monetary policy.- The Federal government budget deficit is financed by issuing or selling U.S. Treasury Securities, which are traded through the open market.
- Banks, corporations, government agencies, pension funds and regular people are the buyers and sellers in this 'open market' for Treasury Securities.
- Treasury Securities are low risk investments.
Two major players in the open market: - Commercial Banks: They use secure investments to ensure bank stability.
- Federal Reserve: They buy and sell treasury securities with the expressed goal of manipulating bank reserves and the money supply.
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AGGREGATE DEMAND The total real expenditures on final goods and services produced in the domestic economy that buyers are willing and able to undertake at different price levels, during a given time period (usually a year). Aggregate demand, usually abbreviated AD, is an inverse relation between price level and aggregate expenditures. This is one half of the AS-AD (aggregate market) analysis. The other half is aggregate supply. Aggregate demand consists of four aggregate expenditures--consumption expenditures, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports--made by the four macroeconomic sectors--household, business, government, and foreign.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time going from convenience store to convenience store trying to buy either decorative picture frames or storage boxes for your income tax returns. Be on the lookout for jovial bank tellers.
Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"Old minds are like old horses; you must exercise them if you wish to keep them in working order. " -- John Adams, 2nd US president
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CPI
Consumer Price Index
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