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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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ADJUSTMENT, LONG-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET: Disequilibrium in the long-run aggregate market induces changes in the price level that restore equilibrium. If the price level is above the long-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market surpluses cause the price level to fall. If the price level is below the long-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market shortages cause the price level to rise. In both cases long-run equilibrium is restored. Price level changes induce changes in aggregate expenditures but NOT changes in real production. The reason is that long-run aggregate supply is full-employment real production, which is unaffected by the price level. See also | aggregate market | aggregate market analysis | long-run aggregate market | equilibrium | disequilibrium | price level | real production | product market | surplus | shortage | adjustment, short-run aggregate market | change in aggregate expenditures | change in real production | full employment |
Recommended Citation:ADJUSTMENT, LONG-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2018. [Accessed: October 19, 2018].
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INFLATION RATE The percentage change in the price level from one period to the next. The inflation rate is most commonly presented as an annual average, the percentage change in the average price level from one year to the next. The two most common price indexes used to measure the price level and the inflation rate are the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the GDP price deflator. The inflation rate is one of several key indicators of business-cycle instability and the overall health of the macroeconomy, with primary focus on tracking the goal of price stability.
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites looking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your aunt or a wall poster commemorating the moon landing. Be on the lookout for neighborhood pets, especially belligerent parrots.
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Three-forths of the gold mined each year is used to manufacture jewelry.
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"Think not of yourself as the architect of your career but as the sculptor. Expect to have to do a lot of hard hammering and chiseling and scraping and polishing. " -- B. C. Forbes, founder, Forbes magazine
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Subgame Perfect Equilibrium
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