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LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM, MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION: Relative freedom of entry and exit ensures that, in the long run, every firm in a monopolistically competitive industry earns exactly a normal profit, receiving neither an economic profit, nor incurring an economic loss. This result is achieved because entry and exit affects the market supply curve, which affects the overall market price, each firm's demand curve, and the range or prices it can charge. Each firm's demand curve adjusts until the profit-maximizing price is exactly equal to average total cost (both short run and long run).
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PERFECT COMPETITION An ideal market structure characterized by a large number of small firms, identical products sold by all firms, freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and perfect knowledge of prices and technology. This is one of four basic market structures. The other three are monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition. Perfect competition is an idealized market structure that is not observed in the real world. While unrealistic, it does provide an excellent benchmark that can be used to analyze real world market structures. In particular, perfect competition efficiently allocates resources.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the shopping mall seeking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandmother or a coffee cup commemorating yesterday. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Adversity is another way to measure the greatness of individuals. I never had a crisis that didn't make me stronger. " -- Lou Holtz, Football Coach
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JFE
Journal of Financial Economics
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