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TECHNOLOGY: The sum total of knowledge and information that society has acquired concerning the use of resources to produce goods and services. This technology often takes the form of scientific knowledge (the best combination of chemicals to make a long-lasting floor wax), but can also be plain old common sense (irrigate during a drought, not during a flood). Whether scientific or not, technology affects the technical efficiency with which resources are combined in production. An improvement in technology is thus an increase in the technical efficiency of production--more output with given inputs or fewer inputs for a given output. Technology is often embodied in capital goods. Bigger, better, faster, and less expensive computers are the result of advances in silicon chip technology. However, technology is also embodied in labor as human capital.
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MARGINAL UTILITY The additional utility obtained from the consumption or use of an additional unit of a good. It is specified as the change in total utility divided by the change in quantity. Marginal utility indicates what each additional unit of a good is worth to a consumer and provides a theoretical basis for understanding market demand and the law of demand. Marginal utility generally declines with increased consumption of a good, a reflection of the law of diminishing marginal utility.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at an auction trying to buy either several magazines on fashion design or a package of 3 by 5 index cards, the ones without lines. Be on the lookout for vindictive digital clocks with revenge on their minds.
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On a typical day, the United States Mint produces over $1 million worth of dimes.
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"The moment you let avoiding failure become your motivator, you're down the path of inactivity. " -- Roberto Goizueta, Coca-Cola CEO
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NBER
National Bureau of Economic Research
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