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IN-KIND PAYMENT: A payment, usually in exchange for the productive efforts of resources, that takes the form of goods and services rather than the economy's standard monetary unit (that is, dollars). In other words, resource owners are compensated with a portion of the output that they helped to produce. The standard method of compensation, which is illustrated by the circular flow model, is for a firm to pay resource owners using money revenue received from selling its production. Hence most factor payments are monetary payments. However, in some circumstances firms and resource owners find it more convenient to use actual production for compensation, eliminating the middle sell-production-for-money step
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DISTRIBUTION STANDARDS Alternative criteria for distributing the income generated from the production of goods and services to members of society. These criteria determine how total income is divided up across the economy, effectively answering the For Whom? question of allocation. The three most important distribution criteria are contributive standard, equality standard, and needs standard.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors wanting to buy either storage boxes for your summer clothes or 500 feet of coaxial cable. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Genius is an infinite capacity for taking pains. " -- Jane Ellis Hopkins, writer
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IIPF
International Institute of Public Finance
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