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BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS: An analytical technique that compares the benefit generated by an activity with its opportunity cost of production. The rule is that if benefits exceed costs, then the activity is efficient and should be undertaken. In some cases the end result of benefit-cost analysis is net benefits, which is benefits minus cost. A positive value means the activity is efficient. In other cases the end result of benefit-cost analysis is a benefit-cost ratio, which is benefits divided by costs. A ratio greater than 1.0 is thus the indication of an efficient activity.
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ADVERSE SELECTION An inefficient, bad, or adverse outcome of a market exchange that results because buyers and/or sellers make decisions based on asymmetric information. This commonly results in a market that exchanges a lesser quality good, what is termed the market for lemons. Two related problems resulting from asymmetric information are moral hazard and the principal-agent problem. Two methods of lessoning the problem of adverse selection are signalling and screening.
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GRAY SKITTERY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites seeking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your uncle or a T-shirt commemorating the 2000 Presidential election. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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A lump of pure gold the size of a matchbox can be flattened into a sheet the size of a tennis court!
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"What we have done for ourselves alone dies with us; what we have done for others and the world remains and is immortal." -- Albert Pike
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BOJ
Bank of Japan
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