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ALLOCATION EFFECT: The goal of imposing taxes to change the allocation of resources, that is, to discourage the production, consumption, or exchange or one type of good usually in favor of another. This is one of two reasons that governments impose taxes. The other reason is the revenue effect. Because people would rather not pay taxes, taxes create disincentives to produce, consume, and exchange. If society deems that less of a particular good, such as alcohol, pollution, or cigarettes are "bad," then a tax can reduce its production and consumption, and thus change the allocation of resources.
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Lesson 20: Federal Reserve System | Unit 1: The Fed
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Page: 2 of 20
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The Federal Reserve System helps banks through a combination of regulation and emergency reserves. First: It is central bank, a government established and/or sanctioned bank with assorted financial tasks, that regulates the banking system and controls the money supply. It is a decentralized central system with several banks spread around the country. Second: It was established in 1913, in response to the Bank Panic of 1907, to prevent failed banks from shrinking the money supply and causing business cycle contractions. Third: While it's original purpose was to provide banks with reserves, it more recently uses the money supply to conduct monetary policy and stabilize the business cycle.
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PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROBLEM A disconnection or conflict between the objectives and goals of the principal and those of the agent authorized to represent the principal. The principal-agent problem arises because an agent is given the responsibility and authority to take actions that affect both the principal, but can also affect the agent. This problem is common in corporate management, where the principal is shareholders and the agent is managers. It is also common in government, where the principal is the public and the agent is elected leaders.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club trying to buy either a T-shirt commemorating the second moon landing or a coffee cup commemorating Thor Heyerdahl's Pacific crossing aboard the Kon-Tiki. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The Dow Jones family of stock market price indexes began with a simple average of 11 stock prices in 1884.
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"When I stand before God at the end of my life, I would hope that I would not have a single bit of talent left, and could say, „I used everything you gave me.¾" -- Erma Bombeck, writer
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IJIO
International Journal of Industrial Organization
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