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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST CURVE: A curve depicting the per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. The long-run average cost curve (usually abbreviated LRAC) can be derived in two ways. On is to plot long-run average cost, which is, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. at different output levels. The more common method, however, is as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves. Such an envelope is base on identifying the point on each short-run average total cost curve that provides the lowest possible average cost for each quantity of output. The long-run average cost curve is U-shaped, reflecting economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) when negatively-sloped and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale) when positively sloped. The minimum point (or range) on the LRAC curve is the minimum efficient scale.
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Lesson 3: Scarcity | Unit 5: THE Problem
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Page: 16 of 17
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Can we solve the scarcity problem? Solutions: - Make unlimited resources: A solution to a world constrained by limited resources is a world of unlimited resources. It could happen. But is unlikely, even with technological advances.
- Make wants and needs limited: Another solution could be that everyone has limited wants and needs. Unlimited wants and needs seems basic to human nature. Would we want to make wants an needs limited?
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PERSONAL INCOME AND NATIONAL INCOME Personal income (PI) is the total income received by the members of the domestic household sector, which may or may not be earned from productive activities during a given period of time. National income (NI) is the total income earned by the citizens of the national economy resulting from their ownership of resources used in the production, which may or may not be received by members of the household sector. Personal income can be derived from national income by subtracting income earned but not received (IEBNR) and adding income received but not earned (IRBNE).
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PINK FADFLY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store seeking to buy either a flower arrangement with a lot of roses for your grandmother or a wall poster commemorating the first day of winter. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The 22.6% decline in stock prices on October 19, 1987 was larger than the infamous 12.8% decline on October 29, 1929.
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"The road to success is always under construction. " -- Lily Tomlin, Actress
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EJ
Economic Journal
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