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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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Lesson 8: Market Shocks | Unit 4: Double Shifts
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Page: 14 of 20
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Topic:
More Demand and Less Supply
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Here we have demand increasing (higher income) and supply decreasing (number of sellers declines).- An increase in demand causes an increase in both price and quantity.
- A decrease supply causes price to increase and quantity to decrease.
- The combined effect is an obvious increase in price but a questionable change in quantity.
- At the new equilibrium the quantity is indeterminant.
- If demand shifts relatively more than supply, quantity is greater.
- If demand shifts relatively less than supply, quantity is less.
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SELF CORRECTION, AGGREGATE MARKET The automatic process in which the aggregate market adjusts from short-run equilibrium to long-run equilibrium. Self-correction results through shifts of the short-run aggregate supply curve caused by changes in wages (and other resource prices). The self-correction mechanism acts to close both recessionary gaps and inflationary gaps. The short-run aggregate supply curve increases (shifts rightward) due to lower wages to close a recessionary gap and decreases (shifts leftward) due to higher wages to close an inflationary gap.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads trying to buy either yellow cotton balls or a set of steel-belted radial snow tires. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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In his older years, Andrew Carnegie seldom carried money because he was offended by its sight and touch.
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"The road to success is always under construction. " -- Lily Tomlin, Actress
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NNP
Net National Product
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