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SCARCITY RENT: The marginal opportunity cost imposed on future generations by extracting one more unit of a resource today. Scarcity rent is one of two costs the extraction of a finite resource imposes on society. The other is marginal extraction cost--the opportunity cost of resources employed in the extraction activity. Scarcity rent is the cost of "using up" a finite resource because benefits of the extracted resource are unavailable to future generations. Efficiency is achieved when the resource price--the benefit society is willing to pay for the resource today--is equal to the sum of marginal extraction cost and scarcity rent.
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INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE A given proportional change in all resources in the long run results in a proportional greater change in production. Increasing returns to scale exists if a firm increases ALL resources--labor, capital, and other inputs--by a given proportion (say 10 percent) and output increases by more than this proportion (that is more than 10 percent). This is one of three returns to scale. The other two are decreasing returns to scale and constant returns to scale.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet wanting to buy either a blue mechanical pencil or super soft, super cuddly, stuffed animals. Be on the lookout for broken fingernail clippers.
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The first paper currency used in North America was pasteboard playing cards "temporarily" authorized as money by the colonial governor of French Canada, awaiting "real money" from France.
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"It has been my philosophy of life that difficulties vanish when faced boldly. " -- Isaac Asimov
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ALAC
Latin American Free Trade Area
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