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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST CURVE: A curve depicting the per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. The long-run average cost curve (usually abbreviated LRAC) can be derived in two ways. On is to plot long-run average cost, which is, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. at different output levels. The more common method, however, is as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves. Such an envelope is base on identifying the point on each short-run average total cost curve that provides the lowest possible average cost for each quantity of output. The long-run average cost curve is U-shaped, reflecting economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) when negatively-sloped and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale) when positively sloped. The minimum point (or range) on the LRAC curve is the minimum efficient scale.
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TAX EFFECTS The primary reason that governments collect taxes from members of society is to finance government operations and provide public goods. However, taxes also create disincentives to engage in the taxed activity, which causes a change in the allocation of resources. This two consequences of taxes are summarized in two essential tax effects -- the revenue effect and the allocation effect. While all taxes have both, the key to effective government is minimize the allocation effect if the goal is to generate revenue and to minimize the revenue effect if the goal is to change the allocation of resources.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius seeking to buy either a large stuffed brown and white teddy bear or a replacement washer for your kitchen faucet. Be on the lookout for rusty deck screws.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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A thousand years before metal coins were developed, clay tablet "checks" were used as money by the Babylonians.
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"The greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it." -- William James, psychologist
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BCD
Business Cycle Development
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