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PARETO EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if one person can not be made better off without making someone else worse off. Named after Vilfredo Pareto, this criterion is the guiding theoretical notion of efficiency used in the study of economics, especially welfare economics. Pareto efficiency is generally not attained if some resources are idle or unemployed. By engaging idle resources in production, some people can have more production without reducing that available to others. A problem with Pareto efficiency, however, is that it is based on the existing distribution of income and wealth. This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Kaldor-Hicks efficiency.
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INVESTMENT BUSINESS CYCLES The notion that business cycles are caused by changes in business sector investment expenditures triggered by the natural ebb and flow of market conditions. This investment explanation of business-cycle instability rests on the proposition that the seeds of each subsequent business-cycle phase are planted during the current phase. An expansion creates the conditions that cause a contraction and a contraction creates the conditions that cause an expansion. This explanation suggests a critical role for government intervention and stabilization policies to correct the business-cycle problems of inflation and unemployment.
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ORANGE REBELOON
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites wanting to buy either a birthday gift for your grandfather or a pleather CD case. Be on the lookout for fairy dust that tastes like salt.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"Enthusiasm is the greatest asset in the world. It beats money and power and influence. It is no more or less than faith in action. " -- Henry Chester, Writer
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IDA
International Development Association
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