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GRAPH: A picture, image, or diagram that is used to display information. Graphs are most commonly used in the economics to depict relations between two variables, that is a two-dimensional graph. The market diagram is perhaps the most noted graph used in economics. This graph reflects the market price on the vertical axis and the quantity exchanged on the horizontal axis. The two key relations depicted on the graph are the demand curve, which is an inverse relation between price and quantity, and the supply curve, which is a direct relation between price and quantity.
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SIGNALLING When confronted by asymmetric information, the use of small bits of information, or indicators, that suggest more comprehensive information. Signalling is used by those with more information to reduce the cost of informing those with less information. It is commonly used in markets with adverse selection. Methods of signalling include advertising, brand names, and warranties. A related method is screening.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"If you worried about falling off the bike, you'd never get on. " -- Lance Armstrong, bicycle racer
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EER
European Economic Review
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