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IN-KIND PAYMENT: A payment, usually in exchange for the productive efforts of resources, that takes the form of goods and services rather than the economy's standard monetary unit (that is, dollars). In other words, resource owners are compensated with a portion of the output that they helped to produce. The standard method of compensation, which is illustrated by the circular flow model, is for a firm to pay resource owners using money revenue received from selling its production. Hence most factor payments are monetary payments. However, in some circumstances firms and resource owners find it more convenient to use actual production for compensation, eliminating the middle sell-production-for-money step
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Lesson 20: Federal Reserve System | Unit 1: The Fed
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Page: 1 of 20
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A key player in the medieval money game: Clarence the King. Clarence is the government regulator. Because Fred practices fractional-reserve banking like modern banks, he has a problem: - Several knights redeem their gold receipts at the same time, but Fred does not have sufficient reserves.
- King Clarence provides Fred with enough gold to satisfy the knights.
- If Fred's banking operation ceases to exist, economic prosperity is also in jeopardy.
- King Clarence decides to watch Fred to make sure that he keeps enough gold in reserve to avoid similar problems.
This is how King Clarence sort of 'discovers' the regulatory function of the modern banking system.
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AGGREGATE MARKET SHOCKS Disruptions of the equilibrium in the aggregate market (or AS-AD model) caused by shifts of the aggregate demand, short-run aggregate supply, or long-run aggregate supply curves. Shocks of the aggregate market are associated with, and thus used to analyze, assorted macroeconomic phenomena such as business cycles, unemployment, inflation, stabilization policies, and economic growth. The specific analysis of aggregate market shocks identifies changes in the price level (GDP price deflator) and real production (real GDP). Changes in the price level and real production have direct implications for the unemployment rate, the inflation rate, national income, and a host of other macroeconomic measures.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale wanting to buy either a graduation present for your niece or nephew or a toaster oven that has convection cooking. Be on the lookout for celebrities who speak directly to you through your television.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The word "fiscal" is derived from a Latin word meaning "moneybag."
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"Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount." -- Claire Boothe Luce, diplomat, writer
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LF
Labor Force, Laissez-Faire
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