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BROKER: Anyone who is paid to bring together buyers and sellers to complete a market transaction. Common examples of brokers are real estate agents, stock brokers, and insurance agents. The thing to note about brokers is that they don't buy or sell anything, but merely bring buyers and sellers together. This little function is different from that of a dealer. A dealer is one who is always ready to help a transaction by selling to those who are buying or buying from those who are selling. As such, while stock brokers are in fact brokers, matching up buyers and sellers, many are also dealers, ready to buy or sell if no one else does.

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Lesson 6: Supply | Unit 2: Law of Supply Page: 5 of 19

Topic: Definition <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

The law of supply is the basic principle underlying supply.

A definition:

The law of supply is a direct relationship between supply price and the quantity supplied, ceteris paribus.

  • Direct relationship means that people sell more of a good if the price is higher and less if the price is lower.
  • The law of supply is not as rigid as the law of demand. The price and the quantity supplied are not always directly related. Higher prices could cause an increase or a decrease in the quantity supplied.
Ceteris paribus is also important to the law of supply.
  • Ceteris paribus means other things remain unchanged.
  • Law of supply applies exclusively to the relationship between supply price and quantity supplied.
  • All other things that can affect supply must remain constant to avoid distorting this relationship.
  • Because supply is affected by many factors other than price, the price/quantity supply relationship can get lost when other things change.
  • Other factors that affect supply are called supply determinants.

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AVERAGE FACTOR COST CURVE, PERFECT COMPETITION

A curve that graphically represents the relation between average factor cost incurred by a perfectly competitive firm for employing an input and the quantity of input used. Because average factor cost is essentially the price of the input, the average factor cost curve is also the supply curve for the input. The average factor cost curve for a perfectly competitive firm with no market control is horizontal. The average revenue curve for a firm with market control is positively sloped.

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