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REGULATORY PRICING: Government control over the price charge in a market, especially by a firm with market control. Price regulation is most commonly used for public utilities characterized as natural monopolies. If allowed to maximize profit without restraint, the price charged would exceed marginal cost and production would be inefficient. However, because such firms, as public utilities, produce output that is deemed essential or critical for the public, government steps in to regulate or control the price. The two most common methods of price regulation are marginal-cost pricing and average-cost pricing.
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Lesson 13: The Firm | Unit 2: Objectives
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Page: 11 of 24
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In this unit, you should have learned about:- Why business firms, like consumers, are primarily motivated to stay alive.
- Three different types of profit -- economic, accounting, and normal.
- Why business firms are guided by profit maximization much like consumers are guided by utility maximization.
- How and why real world firms are likely to pursue sales maximization, owner utility, employee utility, or social responsibility.
- Natural selection as the proposition indicating that firms which maximize profit, whether intentional or not, are the ones that tend to remain in business.
- Why natural selection justifies the assumption of profit maximization.
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KINKED-DEMAND CURVE ANALYSIS An analysis using the kinked-demand curve to explain rigid prices often found with oligopoly. The kinked-demand curve contains two distinct segments--one for higher prices that is more elastic and one for lower prices that is less elastic. Key to this analysis is that the corresponding marginal revenue curve contains three segments--one associated with the more elastic segment, one associated with the less elastic segment, and one associated with the kink. A profit-maximizing firm can then equate marginal cost to a wide range of marginal revenue values along the vertical segment of the marginal revenue curve. This suggests that marginal cost must change significantly before an oligopolistic firm is inclined to change price.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club looking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandmother or a coffee cup commemorating yesterday. Be on the lookout for infected paper cuts.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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A lump of pure gold the size of a matchbox can be flattened into a sheet the size of a tennis court!
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"The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining." -- John F. Kennedy, 35th U. S. president
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WTO
World Trade Organization
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