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TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS: An improvement in the ability to use the factors in the production of goods and services. That is, technological progress is an advance in the technical efficiency with which resources are combined in production. In contrast to factor accumulation, technological progress is an increase not in the quantity of the factor of production, but in the ability to transform the existing ones into output. That is, the ability to produce more output with given inputs or fewer inputs for a given output.
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Lesson 14: Production | Unit 1: Short-Run Production
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Page: 2 of 25
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Topic:
Two Inputs: Fixed And Variable
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- Two different types of inputs -- fixed and variable.
- A fixed input is an input used in the production of goods and services that does not change in the time period of the analysis.
- A variable input is an input used in the production of goods and services that does change in the time period of the analysis.
- For short-run production, the quantity of variable inputs used in production can be changed, but the quantity of fixed inputs can not.
- Fixed and variable inputs are closely connected to the time period of analysis.
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PERFECT COMPETITION An ideal market structure characterized by a large number of small firms, identical products sold by all firms, freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and perfect knowledge of prices and technology. This is one of four basic market structures. The other three are monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition. Perfect competition is an idealized market structure that is not observed in the real world. While unrealistic, it does provide an excellent benchmark that can be used to analyze real world market structures. In particular, perfect competition efficiently allocates resources.
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The 22.6% decline in stock prices on October 19, 1987 was larger than the infamous 12.8% decline on October 29, 1929.
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"What gets measured gets done." -- Peter Drucker, educator
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NBS Nash Bargaining Solution
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