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J CURVE: An interesting relationship that exists between the exchange rate for a nation's currency and its balance of trade. In principle, the drop in a nation's exchange rate, or price of currency, makes the currency less expensive to "buy." With "cheaper" currency the price of domestic production is less and the price of foreign stuff is more, causing an increase in exports to other countries and drop in imports coming in from foreign producers. The economy thus moves in the direction away from a trade deficit and toward a trade surplus. However, the first few months after a drop in the exchange rate the balance of trade goes in the other direction, with any existing trade deficit increasing or any trade surplus shrinking. This occurs because the quantities imported and exported don't change in the short run, but the prices do. Because more is paid for the same amount of imported goods and receive less for the same amount of exports, total spending on imports increases, total revenue received from exports declines, and the movement is in the trade deficit direction. Once those quantities start adjusting in the long run, then we see a movement in the direction of a trade surplus.
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Lesson 20: Oligopoly | Unit 1: Intro
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Page: 3 of 24
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Topic:
Real World Oligopoly
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- Real world markets are heavily populated by oligopoly.
- A few of the more important oligopoly markets are:
- Automobiles
- Computers
- Petroleum
- Tires
- Banking
- Long Distance
- Television
- Airlines
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POLITICAL ENTREPRENEURS Election seeking politicians who undertake risks inherent in the allocation of resources made through government actions. Like business entrepreneurs, political entrepreneurs take risks and organize production. They organize production with government laws, regulations, and policies. They run the risk of failed policies and losing elections. Their utility-maximizing actions are also a prime source of government failure. Falling victim to the principal-agent problem, pursuit of their own satisfaction (winning elections) often conflicts with what is best for the rest of society.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time watching infomercials looking to buy either semi-gloss photo paper that works with your neighbor's printer or a birthday gift for your father that doesn't look like every other birthday gift for your father. Be on the lookout for infected paper cuts.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626), a champion of the scientific method, died when he caught a severe cold while attempting to preserve a chicken by filling it with snow.
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"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. " -- Epictetus, philosopher
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AS-AD
Aggregate Supply-Aggregate Demand Model
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