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KEYNESIAN AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE MODEL: The generic term for several graphical models used to analysis the basic components of Keynesian economics and to identify Keynesian equilibrium as the intersection of the aggregate expenditures line and the 45-degree line. Differences among the specific models are based on which sectors are included (household, business, government, and foreign) and whether expenditures are induced or autonomous.

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Lesson 4: Production Possibilities | Unit 1: Getting Started Page: 2 of 24

Topic: Assumptions <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

Every economic analysis builds on certain preconditions or assumptions. Assumptions, whether reasonable or seemingly unrealistic, let us:
  1. Establish abstract benchmarks for comparison or
  2. Break an analysis into simpler, more easily manageable parts.

Four key assumptions:

  • Two Goods: Resources are used to produce one or both of only two goods. This is a simplifying assumption that lets us display graphs on the screen.
  • Fixed Resources: The quantities of the labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship resources do not change. This is a reasonable assumption that we can change to analysis resource changes.
  • Fixed Technology: The information and knowledge that society has about the production of goods and services is fixed. This is another reasonable assumption that we can change to analysis technology changes.
  • Technical Efficiency: Resources are used in a technically efficient way. We get the maximum possible production out of the resource inputs.

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LONG-RUN AGGREGATE SUPPLY CURVE

A graphical representation of the long-run relation between real production and the price level, holding all ceteris paribus aggregate supply determinants constant. The long-run aggregate supply curve, abbreviated LRAS, is one of two curves that graphically capture the supply-side of the aggregate market. The other is the short-run aggregate supply curve. The demand-side of the aggregate market is occupied by the aggregate demand curve. The vertical long-run aggregate supply curve captures the independent relation between real production and the price level that exists in the long run.

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BLACK DISMALAPOD
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction hoping to buy either a flower arrangement with a lot of roses for your grandmother or a wall poster commemorating the first day of winter. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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Approximately three-fourths of the U.S. paper currency in circular contains traces of cocaine.
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Indirect Least Squares, International Labor Standards
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