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KEYNESIAN AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE MODEL: The generic term for several graphical models used to analysis the basic components of Keynesian economics and to identify Keynesian equilibrium as the intersection of the aggregate expenditures line and the 45-degree line. Differences among the specific models are based on which sectors are included (household, business, government, and foreign) and whether expenditures are induced or autonomous.
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Lesson 12: Business Cycles | Unit 4: Causes
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Page: 20 of 26
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Re-election seeking politicians is a second explanation for business cycles. Four propositions lay the foundation:- An elected leader remains an elected leader only if re-elected.
- Government can influence economic activity through stabilization policies. Fiscal policy, lower taxes and more spending, can trigger an expansion. The opposite can cause a contraction.
- Voters re-elect current leader during good times and elect new leaders during bad times. They vote their pocketbooks.
- Elected leaders know how this process works and give us the recipe for a politically induced business cycles.
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AUTONOMOUS EXPENDITURES Expenditures on aggregate production by the four macroeconomic sectors that do not depend on income or production (especially national income or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in these expenditures. Each of the four aggregate expenditures--consumption, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports--have an autonomous component. Autonomous expenditures are affected by the ceteris paribus aggregate expenditures determinants and are measured by the intercept term of the aggregate expenditures line. The alternative to autonomous expenditures are induced expenditures, expenditures which do depend on income.
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PINK FADFLY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors wanting to buy either a wall poster commemorating next Thursday or a pair of gray heavy duty boot socks. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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Lombard Street is London's equivalent of New York's Wall Street.
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"We succeed in enterprises (that) demand the positive qualities we possess, but we excel in those (that) can also make use of our defects." -- Alexis de Tocqueville, Statesman
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FTSE-100
Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 stock index (UK)
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