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BARRIER TO ENTRY: An institutional, government, technological, or economic restriction on the entry of firms into a market or industry. The four primary barriers to entry are: resource ownership, patents and copyrights, government restrictions, and start-up costs. Barriers to entry are a key reason for market control and the inefficiency that this generates. In particular, monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, and oligopsony often owe their market control to assorted barriers to entry. By way of contrast, perfect competition, monopolistic competition, and monopsonistic competition have few if any barriers to entry and thus little or no market control.
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Lesson 14: Aggregate Supply | Unit 4: Determinants
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Page: 14 of 20
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Topic:
Quantity of Resources
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A change in the quantity of labor, capital, land, or entrepreneurship will alter full employment real production and shift the long-run aggregate supply curve.- Changes in resource quantities tend to be steady and predictable.
- Labor can change for three reasons:
- Natural growth of population.
- Migration.
- The labor force participation rate.
- Capital changes from depreciation of capital and investment in capital.
- Land changes from exploration and discovery of natural resources.
- Entrepreneurship, while difficult to measure, increases when more people assume the risk of production.
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INTERCEPT, GOVERNMENT PURCHASES LINE The intercept of the government purchases line indicates autonomous government purchases, government purchases that do not depend on the level of income or production. This can be thought of as government purchases that the government sector undertakes regardless of the state of the economy. Autonomous government purchases are affected by the government purchases determinants, which cause a change in the intercept and a shift of the government purchases line.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex looking to buy either 500 feet of telephone cable or a package of 4 by 6 index cards, the ones with lines. Be on the lookout for slow moving vehicles with darkened windows.
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Okun's Law posits that the unemployment rate increases by 1% for every 2% gap between real GDP and full-employment real GDP.
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"We succeed in enterprises (that) demand the positive qualities we possess, but we excel in those (that) can also make use of our defects." -- Alexis de Tocqueville, Statesman
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AP
Average Product
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