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FALLACY OF DIVISION: The logical fallacy of arguing that what is true for the whole is also true for the parts. In the study of economics, this takes the form of assuming that what works for the aggregate, or macroeconomy, also works for parts of the economy, such as households or businesses. The contrasting fallacy that you should check out is the fallacy of composition.

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Lesson 19: Money Creation | Unit 3: Modern Banking Page: 10 of 23

Topic: Fractional-Reserve Magic <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

Modern banks practice fractional-reserve banking, which is the key to money creation.

Note that:

  • Modern reserves take the form of vault cash and Federal Reserve deposits.
  • Both ensure the safety of deposits.
  • Banks seek profits by making loans and adding to checkable deposits.
  • Checkable deposits add to the money supply.
Money creation:
  1. Banks practice fractional-reserve banking, seek revenue through loans, and keep reserves.
  2. Banks keep 10% of outstanding deposits in reserves.
  3. Reserves over those required to are excess reserves.
  4. If a bank has excess reserves, then it can make loans, increase checkable deposits, and create money.

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SURVEY WEEK, CURRENT POPULATION SURVEY

The calendar week (Sunday through Saturday) containing the 19th day of the month that is used to conduct the Current Population Survey (CPS). This is the time period in which CPS interviews contact occupants of 60,000 households included in the survey. The survey questions posed by the interviewers then refer to the employment activities of the respondents during the previous calendar week, which is the termed the reference week. The activities of survey respondents during the reference week are the source of information used to estimate the unemployment rate and other employment information generated by the CPS.

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