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VERTICAL INTEGRATION: The situation in which a firm participates in more than one successive stage of the production or distribution process. For example a soft drink company that also controls a sugar-producing firm is said to be vertically integrated because the soft drink company does not have to buy sugar from other firms to produce soft drinks. In some cases, two separate firms are vertically integrate because one firm produces a good or service and the other distributes it.
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Lesson 2: Economic Science | Unit 2: Theory
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Page: 6 of 20
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Economic theories are abstractions of the real world.
Three ways to abstract:- Words. The earliest human method of abstraction was to represent objects with words. Words also represent ideas. But words can have different meanings.
- Graphs. Pictures, especially graphical pictures. Many economic theories are abstractly represented with graphs. A picture or graph can be less confusing that words.
- Equations. Graphs are two-dimensional pictures of mathematical equations. Economic theories are often abstractly represented by equations. Equations can represent relationships between three or more things, like that for X, Y and Z:
Y = 3 + 2X - 4Z
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FOURTH ESTATE Another term for journalists, reporters, and other members of the media. This is one of four divisions of society based on economic function. The other three are government as the first estate, businesses as the second estate, and consumers as the third estate.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling through a department store hoping to buy either hand lotion, a big bottle of hand lotion or a lighted magnifying glass. Be on the lookout for a thesaurus filled with typos.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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A half gallon milk jug holds about $50 in pennies.
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"Advice is like snow ‚ the softer it falls, the longer it dwells upon and the deeper it sinks into the mind. " -- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet
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OMO
Open Market Operations
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