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PERFECT COMPETITION CHARACTERISTICS: The four key characteristics of perfect competition are: (1) large number of small firms, (2) identical products sold by all firms, (3) freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry, and (4) perfect knowledge of prices and technology. These four characteristics mean that a given perfectly competitive firm is unable to exert any control whatsoever over the market.
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Lesson 20: Oligopoly | Unit 2: Structure
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Page: 10 of 24
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In this unit, you should have learned about:- How oligopoly is characterized by significant concentration that is indicated by market share, the concentration ratio, or the Herfindahl index.
- The concentration ratio, which is the proportion of total sales accounted for by the top firms in the industry, as one measure of concentration in an oligopoly market.
- How 4-firm and 8-firm concentration ratios calculated and are used to indicate high, medium, and low level concentration in an industry.
- The Herfindahl index, which is the sum of the squares of market shares of the firms in the industry, as another measure of concentration in an oligopoly market.
- How the Herfindahl index is calculated and used to indicate high, medium, and low level concentration in an industry.
- How oligopoly is also characterized by high entry barriers, including start up cost, resource ownership, decreasing average cost, government authorization, and trade barriers.
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EQUILIBRIUM QUANTITY The quantity that exists when a market is in equilibrium. Equilibrium quantity is simultaneously equal to both the quantity demanded and quantity supplied. In a market graph, the equilibrium quantity is found at the intersection of the demand curve and the supply curve. Equilibrium quantity is one of two equilibrium variables. The other is equilibrium price.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale seeking to buy either a small, foam rubber football or an instructional DVD on learning to the play the oboe. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Natural gas has no odor. The smell is added artificially so that leaks can be detected.
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"Always dream and shoot higher than you know how to. Don't bother just to be better than your contemporaries or predecessors. Try to be better than yourself." -- William Faulkner, writer
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RTA
Reciprocal Trade Agreement
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