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DIAMOND-WATER PARADOX: The perplexing observation that water, which is more useful than diamonds, has a lower price. If price is related to utility, how can this occur? This paradox was first proposed by classical economists in the 19th century and was subsequently used as a stepping stone for developing the notion of marginal utility and the role it plays in the demand price of a good. The paradox is magically cleared up with an understanding of marginal utility and total utility. People are willing to pay a higher price for goods with greater marginal utility. As such, water which is plentiful has enormous total utility, but a low price because of a low marginal utility. Diamonds, however, have less total utility because they are less plentiful, but a high price because of a high marginal utility.
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Lesson 21: Factor Demand | Unit 5: Taking Stock
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Page: 22 of 24
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- Let's take stock.
- First, factor demand is one side of the factor market.
- Second, factor demand is a derived demand.
- Third, factor demand depends on marginal physical product and marginal revenue.
- Fourth, the factor demand curve is negatively sloped due to the law of diminishing marginal returns.
- Fifth, the factor demand curve shifts due to changes in the factor demand determinants.
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BALANCE OF PAYMENTS A comprehensive set of accounts that tracks the flow of currency and other monetary assets coming in to and going out of a nation. These payments are used for international trade, foreign investments, and other financial activities. The balance of payments is divided into two accounts -- current account (which includes payments for imports, exports, services, and transfers) and capital account (which includes payments for physical and financial assets). A deficit in one account is matched by a surplus in the other account. The balance of trade is only one part of the overall balance of payments set of accounts.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through mail order catalogs looking to buy either a genuine down-filled comforter or a 200-foot blue garden hose. Be on the lookout for high interest rates.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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"Old age isn't so bad when you consider the alternative. " -- Cato, Roman orator
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NDP
Net Domestic Product
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