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PAR VALUE: The stated, or face, value of a legal claim or financial asset. For debt securities, such as corporate bonds or U. S. Treasury securities, this is amount to be repaid at the time of maturity. For equity securities, that is, corporate stocks, this is the initial value set up at the time it is issued. Par value, also called face value, is not necessarily, and often is not, equal to the current market price of the asset. A $10,000 U.S. Treasury note, for example, has a par value of $10,000, but might have a current market price of $9,950. The difference between par value and current price contributes to the yield or return on such assets. An asset is selling at a discount if the current price is less than the par value and is selling at a premium if the current price is more than the par value.

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Lesson 5: Market Demand | Unit 5: Scarcity Page: 19 of 20

Topic: Unlimited Wants <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

Demand is closely related to the scarcity problem, especially unlimited wants and needs.
  • Scarcity arises because society has limited resources but unlimited wants and needs.
  • The connection between demand and scarcity is:
    • The demand side of the markets comes directly from the unlimited wants and needs side of the scarcity problem, and
    • The supply side of the market comes from the limited resources side of the scarcity problem.

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MANAGED FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE

An exchange rate control policy in which an exchange rate that is generally allowed to adjust to equilibrium levels through to the interaction of supply and demand in the foreign exchange market, but with occasional intervention by government. Also termed managed float or dirty float, most nations of the world currently use a managed flexible exchange rate policy. With this alternative an exchange rate is free to rise and fall, but it is subject to government control if it moves too high or too low. With managed float, the government steps into the foreign exchange market and buys or sells whatever currency is necessary keep the exchange rate within desired limits. This is one of three basic exchange rate policies used by domestic governments. The other two policies are flexible exchange rate and fixed exchange rate.

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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet looking to buy either storage boxes for your summer clothes or 500 feet of coaxial cable. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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The first paper notes printed in the United States were in denominations of 1 cent, 5 cents, 25 cents, and 50 cents.
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