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TOTAL FACTOR COST, PERFECT COMPETITION: The opportunity cost incurred by a perfectly competitive firm when using a given factor of production to produce a good or service. This is the total cost associated with the use of a particular resource or factor of production--it is the total cost of the factor. For a perfectly competitive firm, the price paid is constant and total factor cost increases at a constant rate. Total factor cost is predominately used in the analysis of the factor market. Two derivative factor cost measures are average factor cost and marginal factor cost.
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Lesson 11: Circular Flow | Unit 3: Government
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Page: 13 of 22
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Topic:
Government Purchases
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Government spending is divided into government purchases of GDP and transfer payments.- Transfer payments include welfare to the poor, unemployment compensation, and Social Security benefits.
- Transfer payments are like negative taxes, but flow from the government sector to the household sector.
- The circular tax flow is the net tax flow from households to government, taxes minus transfer payments.
- Government purchases are the green flow from the government sector to the product markets.
- As an expenditure on GDP, government purchases are comparable to consumption by the household sector and investment by the business sector.
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ALLOCATION EFFECT A change in the allocation of resources caused by placing taxes on economic activity. By creating disincentives to produce, consume, or exchange, taxes generally alter resource allocations. The allocation effect is typically used when governments seek to discourage the production, consumption, or exchange of particular goods or activities that are deemed undesirable (such as tobacco use or pollution). This is one of two effects of taxation. The other (primary) is the revenue effect, which is the generation of revenue used to finance government operations.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius seeking to buy either a New York Yankees baseball cap or several magazines on home repairs. Be on the lookout for deranged pelicans.
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The first U.S. fire insurance company was established by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 in Philadelphia.
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"Lord, where we are wrong, make us willing to change; where we are right, make us easy to live with. " -- Peter Marshall, US Senate chaplain
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HFO
Heavy Fuel Oil
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