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MARGINAL REVENUE, PERFECT COMPETITION: The change in total revenue resulting from a change in the quantity of output sold. Marginal revenue indicates how much extra revenue a perfectly competitive firm receives for selling an extra unit of output. It is found by dividing the change in total revenue by the change in the quantity of output. Marginal revenue is the slope of the total revenue curve and is one of two revenue concepts derived from total revenue. The other is average revenue. To maximize profit, a perfectly competitive firm equates marginal revenue and marginal cost.
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Lesson 12: Business Cycles | Unit 3: Measurement
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Page: 13 of 26
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Leading economic indicators indicate business-cycle activity 3 or 12 months ahead. If leading indicators decline now, then the economy is likely to decline in 3 to 12 months.- Leading indicators are eleven statistics that precede changes in the economy.
- Three notable leading indicators are stock market prices, the money supply, and consumer confidence.
- The Composite Index of Leading Indicators, displayed in this chart, combines all eleven into a single number.
- The Composite Index works better than individual indicators, but they are not perfect. Some declines not followed by a contraction.
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ASSUMPTIONS, CLASSICAL ECONOMICS Classical economics, especially as directed toward macroeconomics, relies on three key assumptions--flexible prices, Say's law, and saving-investment equality. Flexible prices ensure that markets adjust to equilibrium and eliminate shortages and surpluses. Say's law states that supply creates its own demand and means that enough income is generated by production to purchase the resulting production. The saving-investment equality ensures that any income leaked from consumption into saving is replaced by an equal amount of investment. Although of questionable realism, these three assumptions imply that the economy would operate at full employment.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market hoping to buy either a birthday greeting card for your father or a T-shirt commemorating the first day of spring. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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Helping spur the U.S. industrial revolution, Thomas Edison patented nearly 1300 inventions, 300 of which came out of his Menlo Park "invention factory" during a four-year period.
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"Defeat is simply a signal to press onward. " -- Helen Keller, author, lecturer
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IER
International Economic Review
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