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MAJORITY RULE: A voting rule in which decisions are made based on the majority of those casting a vote. That is, the candidate or program receiving the majority of the votes is the winner. The majority is defined as one vote more than fifty percent of the total number of votes cast. If 100 votes are cast, the majority is 51 votes. If 100 million votes are cast, the majority is 50 million and one (50,000,001). This is perhaps the most common of several voting rules. Others include super majority, unanimity, and plurality.
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Lesson 3: Scarcity | Unit 3: Opportunity Cost
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Page: 10 of 17
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The pervasive problem of scarcity makes opportunity cost fundamental to life itself and to the study of economics.- Economists use the term economic cost to mean opportunity cost. They also just use the term cost.
- Cost is foregone alternative, not necessarily the amount of money paid. Money is a way to keep score. Money is a good way to measure opportunity cost, but not the only way.Two types of opportunity or economic costs:
- Explicit opportunity cost: Out-of-pocket or accounting cost that involves a money payment.
- Implicit opportunity cost: Cost that does not involve a money payment.
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MARKET STRUCTURE CONTINUUM The four common market structures, perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly, can be viewed as a continuum based on (1) differences in the number of firms in a market, (2) the relative size of each firm, and thus (3) the market control of each firm. Perfect competition lies at one end and monopoly at the other. Monopolistic competition is close to perfect competition and oligopoly is near monopoly. The essence of the continuum is that monopolistic competition blends into oligopoly, with no clear-cut line of separation.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a dollar discount store looking to buy either several magazines on computer software or a T-shirt commemorating the second moon landing. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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Three-forths of the gold mined each year is used to manufacture jewelry.
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"My future starts when I wake up every morning . . . Every day I find something creative to do with my life. " -- Miles Davis, musician
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BLS
Bureau of Labor Statistics
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