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A POSTERIORI: A conclusion reached through logical reasoning based on facts and observations about the real world. This notion is closely related to the scientific verification of hypotheses and the identification of principles. A similar sounding, but opposite term is a prior, which is a unverified presumption made before an analysis is undertaken. For example, in the study of economics of crime you might assume, a priori, that people are basically "good", and conclude, a posteriori, that people are more likely to commit crimes when the threat of capture and conviction is lower.
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Lesson 10: Utility and Demand | Unit 3: Complex Choices
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Page: 12 of 21
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Topic:
Rule Of Consumer Equilibrium
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- The rule of consumer equilibrium states that consumers maximize utility by equating the marginal utility obtained from the LAST DOLLAR spent on each good.
- Another way of stating this rule is through the ratios of marginal utility to price (MU/P).
- The marginal utility-price ratios for all goods are equal.
- MU/P for good 1 = MU/P for good 2
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PRINCIPLE OF MINIMUM DIFFERENCES A principle stating that monopolistically competitive firms seek to maintain similarities between products at the same time they promote differences. Similarities enable substitutability, such that one firm can attract the buyers away from other firms. Differences enable uniqueness and market control, such that each firm has market control and is able to charge a higher price than achieved with perfect competition. This principle is also termed Hotelling's paradox.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius looking to buy either a desktop calendar with all federal and state holidays highlighted or a half-dozen helium filled balloons. Be on the lookout for florescent light bulbs that hum folk songs from the sixties.
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626), a champion of the scientific method, died when he caught a severe cold while attempting to preserve a chicken by filling it with snow.
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"Chance favors only the prepared mind." -- Louis Pasteur, biologist
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BOJ
Bank of Japan
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