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SPECIALIZATION: The condition in which resources are primarily devoted to specific tasks. This is one of THE most important and most fundamental notions in the study of economics. Civilized human beings have long recognized that limited resources can be more effectively used in the production the goods and services that satisfy unlimited wants and needs if those resources specialize. For example, three ice cream parlor workers, can be, in total, more productive if one runs the cash register, another scoops the ice cream, and a third adds the hot fudge topping. By devoting their energies to learning how to do their respective tasks really, really well, these three workers can produce more hot fudge sundaes than if each performed all required tasks.
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Lesson 21: Factor Demand | Unit 2: Derived Demand
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Page: 10 of 24
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Topic:
Three (Or Four) Marginals
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- A review:
- Marginal product is the change in the quantity of output produced resulting from a change in the quantity of the factor input used.
- Marginal product measures the physical productivity of a given unit of input.
- Marginal revenue is the change in the total revenue resulting from a change in the quantity of the output produced.
- The combination of marginal (physical) product and marginal revenue leads to the fourth marginal concept:
- Marginal revenue product is the change in the revenue received by a firm resulting from a change in the quantity of the factor input used.
- Marginal revenue product indicates the value of the output produced by an input.
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SHORT-RUN PRODUCTION ALTERNATIVES A firm faces three production options in the short run based on a comparison between price, average total cost, and average variable cost. If price is greater than average total cost, a firm earns an economic profit by producing the quantity that equates marginal revenue with marginal cost. If price is less than average total cost but greater than average variable cost, a firm incurs an economic loss, but produces the quantity that equates marginal revenue with marginal cost. If price is less than average variable cost, a firm shuts down production in the short run, incurring an economic loss equal to total fixed cost.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages seeking to buy either a coffee cup commemorating the first day of spring or a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"Old age isn't so bad when you consider the alternative. " -- Cato, Roman orator
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ME
Montreal Exchange
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