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Lesson 21: Factor Demand | Unit 2: Derived Demand Page: 9 of 24

Topic: Marginal Productivity Theory <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

  • The marginal productivity theory.

  • Marginal productivity theory states that the demand for a resource or factor of production is based on the marginal (physical) product of the resource input and the marginal revenue of the output produced.
  • A definition...again:

  • Factor demand depends on the quantity output an input can produce and the value of that output.
  • In particular, factor demand depends on two marginals:

    • The productivity of the factor.
    • The revenue generated from production.


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DECREASING MARGINAL RETURNS

In the short-run production of a firm, an increase in the variable input results in a decrease in the marginal product of the variable input. Decreasing marginal returns typically surface after the first few quantities of a variable input are added to a fixed input. This is one of two types of marginal returns. The other is increasing marginal returns. A related phenomenon is diseconomies of scale associated with long-run production.

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