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UNFAIR COMPETITION: A wide assortment of business practices that are deceptive and dishonest, and usually hamper competition. Examples of unfair competition include false or misleading advertising, price discrimination, bribery, and even industrial espionage. These practices and many, many more are illegal according to antitrust law, specifically the Federal Trade Commission Act (1914).

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Lesson 5: Market Demand | Unit 2: Law of Demand Page: 6 of 20

Topic: Income Effect <=PAGE BACK | PAGE NEXT=>

An important question is: Why does the law of demand work? Two reasons are income effect and substitution effect.

First, the income effect. This is the change in quantity demanded that results because a change in price gives a buyer more real income, even though money income remains unchanged.

  • The reason is that buyers have limited income.
  • Any change in price affects the purchasing power of buyers' limited income. A higher price means a given income can buy less and a lower price means a given income can buy more.

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DISEQUILIBRIUM, SHORT-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET

The state of the short-run aggregate market in which aggregate expenditures are NOT equal to real production, which result in imbalances that induce changes in the price level, aggregate expenditures, and real production. In other words, the opposing forces of aggregate demand (the buyers) and short-run aggregate supply (the sellers) are out of balance. At the existing price level, either the four macroeconomic sectors (household, business, government, and foreign) are unable to purchase all of the real production that they seek or producers are unable to sell all of the real production that they have.

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APLS

BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]

Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club seeking to buy either a decorative windchime with plastic or a flower arrangement for that special day for your mother. Be on the lookout for gnomes hiding in cypress trees.
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This isn't me! What am I?

A lump of pure gold the size of a matchbox can be flattened into a sheet the size of a tennis court!
"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. "

-- Epictetus, philosopher

IIA
Irrelevance of Independent Alternatives
A PEDestrian's Guide
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