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CARTEL: A formal agreement between businesses in the same industry, usually on an international scale, to get market control, raise the market price, and otherwise act like a monopoly. A cartel tends to be unstable because the artificially high prices it sets gives each member of the cartel an incentive to "cheat" with a slightly lower price. When only one member of the cartel lowers the price, it can make oodles of profit by taking customers away from the other members. If they all cheat, the cartel falls apart. While cartels damage efficiency, they're power is often short-lived because of this cheating. Like collusion and other techniques of market control, cartels are illegal in the United States.
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Lesson Contents
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Unit 1: The Basics |
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Unit 2: Three Totals |
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Unit 3: Four More Measures |
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Unit 4: Long-Run Cost |
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Unit 5: Previewing Supply | |
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Cost
- The first unit of this lesson, The Basics, begins this our study with a review of the opportunity cost notion and how it relates to business activity.
- In the second unit, Three Totals, we take a look at the three total cost measures, including total cost, total variable cost, and total fixed cost.
- The third unit, Four More Measures, then presents four additional cost measures -- average total cost, average variable cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost.
- In the fourth unit, Long-Run Cost, we examine how scale economies and diseconomies affect cost in the long run.
- The fifth and final unit, Previewing Supply, then closes this lesson by previewing the importance of cost, especially marginal cost, to the supply decision by a firm.
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AUTONOMOUS CONSUMPTION Household consumption expenditures that do not depend on income or production (especially disposable income, national income, or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in consumption. Autonomous consumption is best thought of as a baseline or minimum level of consumption that the household sector undertakes in the unlikely event that income falls to zero. It is measured by the intercept term of the consumption function or the consumption line. The alternative to autonomous consumption is induced consumption, which does depend on income.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a crowded estate auction seeking to buy either a pair of red goulashes with shiny buckles or a handcrafted bird feeder. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
Your Complete Scope
This isn't me! What am I?
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There were no banks in colonial America before the U.S. Revolutionary War. Anyone seeking a loan did so from another individual.
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"No great performance ever came from holding back. " -- Don Greene, motivational coach, former Green Beret
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BPEA
Brookings Papers on Economic Activity
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