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SHUTDOWN RULE: A rule stating that firm minimizes economic loss by producing no output in the short run if price is less than average variable cost. In the short run, a firm incurs total fixed cost whether or not it produces any output. As such, if the market price is falls below average total cost, it must decide if the economic loss from producing the quantity of output that equates marginal revenue and marginal cost is more or less than the economic loss incurred with shutting down production in the short run (which is equal to total fixed cost).
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Lesson Contents
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Unit 1: Intro |
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Unit 2: Four Types |
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Unit 3: Getting Control |
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Unit 4: Using Control |
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Unit 5: Government | |
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Market Structures
Our investigation into market structures lays the foundation for a closer examination of monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly. This lesson takes a look at how markets are structured based on their competitiveness, the degree of market control held by firms, the acquisition of this market control, and the use market control. - The first unit of this lesson, Competition And Control, begins this lesson with a look at competition and market control.
- In the second unit, Four Types, we examine the four basic types of market structures -- perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly.
- The third unit, Getting Control, then looks at two key ways that firms are able to acquire or increase their market control -- product differentiation and entry barriers.
- In the fourth unit, Using Control, we investigate what firms do when they have market control.
- The fifth and final unit, Government, then closes this lesson by considering the role government plays in regulating market control.
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PLANNED ECONOMY An economy, or economic system, that relies heavily on central planning by government to allocate resources and answer the three basic questions of allocation. A planned economy is often a type of command economy, in which government uses its coercive powers to implement central planning allocation decisions.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing about a thrift store looking to buy either an ink cartridge for your printer or a rechargeable battery for your camera. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Okun's Law posits that the unemployment rate increases by 1% for every 2% gap between real GDP and full-employment real GDP.
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"We succeed in enterprises (that) demand the positive qualities we possess, but we excel in those (that) can also make use of our defects." -- Alexis de Tocqueville, Statesman
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FIML
Full Information Maximum Likelihood
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