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ZERO-BASE BUDGET: A method of budgeting expenditures in which each expenditure is justified on its overall merits rather than being based on the budget for the previous year. A zero-base budget is most often proposed (but seldom implemented) for governments. Governments generally establish budget expenditures based on expenditures for the previous year. If, for example, budget expenditures last year were $100 billion, the requested budget for this year might be set at $110 billion. The existing $100 billion is a "given" and only the extra $10 billion is justified. With a zero-base budget, the entire $110 billion is justified.
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MANAGED FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE An exchange rate control policy in which an exchange rate that is generally allowed to adjust to equilibrium levels through to the interaction of supply and demand in the foreign exchange market, but with occasional intervention by government. Also termed managed float or dirty float, most nations of the world currently use a managed flexible exchange rate policy. With this alternative an exchange rate is free to rise and fall, but it is subject to government control if it moves too high or too low. With managed float, the government steps into the foreign exchange market and buys or sells whatever currency is necessary keep the exchange rate within desired limits. This is one of three basic exchange rate policies used by domestic governments. The other two policies are flexible exchange rate and fixed exchange rate.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet seeking to buy either yellow cotton balls or a set of steel-belted radial snow tires. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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Two and a half gallons of oil are needed to produce one automobile tire.
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"I love the man who can smile in trouble, who can gather strength from distress and grow brave by reflection. " -- Thomas Paine, statesman
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ICTB
International Customs Tariffs Bureau
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