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VOLUNTARY EXCHANGE: The process of willingly trading one item for another. The emphasis here is on "willingly." Voluntary exchanges are the heart and soul of market transactions, and should be contrasted with the "involuntary" exchanges mandated by government taxes, laws, and regulations. While involuntary government-forced exchanges play an important role in a mixed economy, economists really, really like voluntary market exchanges because they promote economic efficiency.
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INDUCED EXPENDITURES Expenditures on aggregate production by the four macroeconomic sectors that depend on income or production (especially national income or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income generate changes in these expenditures. Each of the four aggregate expenditures--consumption, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports--have an induced component. Induced expenditures are measured by the slope of the aggregate expenditures line. The alternative to induced expenditures are autonomous expenditures, expenditures which do not depend on income.
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WHITE GULLIBON
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex hoping to buy either a genuine down-filled comforter or a 200-foot blue garden hose. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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On a typical day, the United States Mint produces over $1 million worth of dimes.
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"Divide each difficulty into as many parts as is feasible and necessary to resolve it." -- Rene Descartes
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