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IMPLICIT COLLUSION: Seemingly independent, but parallel actions among competing firms (mostly oligopolistic firms) in an industry that achieve higher prices and profits, much as if guided by an explicit collusion agreement. Also termed tacit collusion, the distinguishing feature of implicit collusion is the lack of any explicit agreement. They key is that each firm seems to be acting independently, perhaps each responding to the same market conditions, but the end result is the same as an explicit agreement. This should be contrasted with explicit or overt collusion that does involve a formal, explicit agreement.
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CONSUMER CONFIDENCE, AGGREGATE DEMAND DETERMINANT One of several specific aggregate demand determinants assumed constant when the aggregate demand curve is constructed, and which shifts the aggregate demand curve when it changes. An increase in consumer confidence causes an increase (rightward shift) of the aggregate demand curve. A decrease in consumer confidence causes a decrease (leftward shift) of the aggregate demand curve. Other notable aggregate demand determinants include interest rates, federal deficit, inflationary expectations, and the money supply.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store trying to buy either a genuine down-filled snow parka or throw pillows for your living room sofa. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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Two and a half gallons of oil are needed to produce one automobile tire.
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"The art of leadership is saying no, not yes. It is very easy to say yes. " -- Tony Blair, British prime minister
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ILO
International Labor Office
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