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ACCOUNTING COST: The actual outlays or expenses incurred in production that shows up a firm's accounting statements or records. Accounting costs, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are primarily interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost). That fact is that accounting costs and economic costs aren't always the same. An opportunity or economic cost is the value of foregone production. Some economic costs, actually a lot of economic opportunity costs, never show up as accounting costs. Moreover, some accounting costs, while legal, bonified payments by a firm, are not associated with any sort of opportunity cost.
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INTERNATIONAL MARKET A graphical model used to analyze the trade between two nations based on the domestic markets for a particular good in each nation. The international market combines the excess demand (or import demand) from one country with the excess supply (or export supply) from another to illustrate how two nations undertake mutually beneficial trade. The international market model also can be used to analyze the impact of tariffs, import quotas, and export subsidies.
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"We may affirm absolutely that nothing great in the world has been accomplished without passion." -- Hegel
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Fighting Business Cycles With STABILIZATION POLICIESAs you may recall, the twins, Donna the Democrat and Rhonda the Republican, seldom agree on anything involving politics, economics, fashion, or flower arrangements. Their imminent entry into the Interstate OmniBank can only mean trouble. Donna, in her official capacity as economic advisor to the President of the quaint and courteous Republic of Northwest Queoldiola, is attempting to enter Interstate OmniBank anxious to borrow enough to finance the Queoldiolan government deficit. Rhonda, as the head of the central bank of the Republic of Northwest Queoldiola, is making every effort to stop her. The source of this particular confrontation between the twins is apparently the best way to eliminate a year-long recession that has struck the quaint and courteous Republic of Northwest Queoldiola.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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SIB
Securities and Investment Board
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