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ECONOMIES OF SCALE: Declining long-run average cost that occurs as a firm increases all inputs and expands its scale of production. This is graphically illustrated by a negatively-sloped long-run average cost curve and typically occurs for relatively small levels of production. Economies of scale are then overwhelmed by diseconomies of scale for relatively large production levels. Together, economies of scale and diseconomies of scale cause the long-run average cost curve to be U-shaped.
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AGGREGATE DEMAND CURVE A graphical representation of the relation between aggregate expenditures on real production and the price level, holding all ceteris paribus aggregate demand determinants constant. The aggregate demand (AD) curve is one side of the graphical presentation of the aggregate market. The other side is occupied by the long-run aggregate supply curve and/or the short-run aggregate supply curve. The negative slope of the aggregate demand curve captures the inverse relation between aggregate expenditures on real production and the price level. This negative slope is attributable to the interest-rate, real-balance, and net-export effects.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling through a department store seeking to buy either a how-to book on wine tasting or a bookshelf that will fit in your closet. Be on the lookout for bottles of barbeque sauce that act TOO innocent.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"When the solution is simple, God is answering." -- Albert Einstein
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ROA
Return on Assets
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