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NASH EQUILIBRIUM: A concept from Game Theory which establishes that a set of strategies followed by economic agents within a game is in equilibrium if, holding the strategies of all other economic agents constant, no economic agent can obtain a higher payoff by choosing a different strategy. For example, when firms operate within an oligopoly, once a Nash equilibrium has been reached, none of them will want to change their strategy because by doing it they cannot obtain a higher profit.
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VOTING PARADOX The possibility that the voting preferences of a group of individuals results in an inconsistent, or intransitive, ranking. While consistent, or transitive, ranking of preferences is expected for individuals, such might not occur for groups of voters. If a consumer prefers good A to good B and good B to good C, then it makes logical sense that the consumer also prefers good A to good C. The voting paradox arises because a group of individuals might prefer A to B and B to C, but then prefer C to A, an inconsistent and intransitive ranking of preferences. Other related voting problems identified by the study of public choice includes the median voter principle, logrolling, and voter apathy (due to rational ignorance and rational abstention).
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Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen were the 1st Nobel Prize winners in Economics in 1969.
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"Man is born to live, not to prepare for life. " -- Boris Pasternak, writer
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SDR
Special Drawing Right
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