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URBANIZATION ECONOMIES: A reduction in production cost the results when diverse activities are located in a concentrated urban area. Urbanization economies applied to all types of activities that benefit from assorted urban "amenities" such as public utilities, government services, information services that are inclined to experience decreasing average cost with large scale production. If, for example, a city has sufficient demand for a more efficiency, larger scale electrical generation plant, then everyone can benefit from lower electricity rates.
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MARGINAL COST The change in total cost (or total variable cost) resulting from a change in the quantity of output produced by a firm in the short run. Marginal cost (MC) indicates how much total cost changes for a given change in the quantity of output. Because changes in total cost are matched by changes in total variable cost in the short run (total fixed cost is fixed), marginal cost is the change in either total cost or total variable cost. It is found by dividing the change in total cost (or total variable cost) by the change in output. Marginal cost is one of four cost concepts used in short-run production analysis. The other three are average total cost, average fixed cost, and average variable cost.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a dollar discount store wanting to buy either a velvet painting of Elvis Presley or a wall poster commemorating yesterday. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Approximately three-fourths of the U.S. paper currency in circular contains traces of cocaine.
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"Gravitation can not be held responsible for people falling in love." -- Albert Einstein
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BPEA
Brookings Papers on Economic Activity
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