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SHORT-RUN SUPPLY CURVE, MONOPOLY: Market control by a monopoly firm means that it does not have a supply relation between the quantity of output produced and the price. By way of comparison a perfectly competitive firm does have a short-run supply curve. Market control by a monopoly means that it price is NOT equal to marginal revenue, and thus it does NOT equate marginal cost and price. As such, a monopoly firm does not move along it's marginal cost curve. A monopoly does not necessarily supply larger quantities at higher prices or smaller quantities at lower prices.
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LAW OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE A principle that states that every nation, worker, or production entity has a production activity that incurs a lower opportunity cost than that of another nation, worker, or production entity, which means that trade between the two can be beneficial to both if each specializes in the production of a good with lower relative opportunity cost. This law is most often studied in the confines of international trade, but it also applies to labor and other types of production.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Most human beings have an almost infinite capacity for taking things for granted. " -- Aldous Huxley, writer
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QJE
Quarterly Journal of Economics
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