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EXCESS CAPACITY: A condition that exists when monopolistic competition achieves long-run equilibrium such that production by each firm is less than minimum efficient scale. The implication of this condition is that each firm is not producing up to its fullest capacity, as would be the case under perfect competition, and thus more firms are need to produce total market output compared to perfect competition. Excess capacity results because market control means a monopolistically competitive firm faces a negatively-sloped demand curve. Long-run equilibrium is thus achieved by the tangency of the negatively-sloped demand curve and the long-run average cost curve, which results in economies to scale.
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RISK The quantitative probability of different future outcomes occurring. The assignment of probabilities can be subjective (based on a "feeling") or objective (based on historical data). Risk is related to the concept of uncertainty, which is simply not knowing what the future holds. People have three alternative preferences when confronting risk -- risk aversion, risk neutrality, and risk loving. Risk aversion is key to the provision of insurance.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads seeking to buy either a wall poster commemorating the 2000 Presidential election or a rechargeable flashlight. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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In his older years, Andrew Carnegie seldom carried money because he was offended by its sight and touch.
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"If you wouldn't write it and sign it, don't say it." -- Earl Wilson, Columnist
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NY
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