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PIGOUVIAN TAX: A tax on an external cost, such as pollution, designed to use market forces to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. A. C. Pigou, one of the first economists to study the market failure of externalities, is credited with developing this tax system for internalizing costs external to the market. An external cost caused by pollution, for example, can be internalized if polluters pay a tax equal to the value of the external cost.
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TWO-SECTOR, TWO-MARKET CIRCULAR FLOW A simple circular flow model of the macroeconomy containing two sectors (business and household) and two markets (product and factor) that illustrates the continuous movement of the payments for goods and services between producers and consumers. The payment flow between the two sectors and two markets is conveniently divided into four segments representing consumption expenditures, gross domestic product, factor payments, and national income. More advanced models containing additional flow segments are two-sector, three-market circular flow; three-sector, three-market circular flow; and four-sector, three-market circular flow.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads wanting to buy either a birthday gift for your uncle or a pair of red and purple designer socks. Be on the lookout for mail order catalogs with hidden messages.
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The earliest known use of paper currency was about 1270 in China during the rule of Kubla Khan.
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"It is not the straining for great things that is most effective; it is the doing of the little things, the common duties, a little better and better." -- Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, Writer
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AFA
Advertising Federation of America
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