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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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                           PHYSICAL SCIENCE: The scientific study of the physical world, especially nonhuman, nonsociety phenomena, such as atoms, planets, wildlife, and continental drift. Common disciplines that study these physical phenomena are physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and astronomy. Physical science is one of two broad scientific classifications. The other is social science, which is the study human behavior and society. Physical science contains the areas of study most commonly associated with the term science, especially astronomy, physics, chemistry, and biology. These are the areas that were first to use the scientific method to explain and understand the workings of the world. Chemists, physicists, biologists, and astronomers developed experiments, data collection techniques, and hypothesis testing procedures designed to develop theoretical explanations of the world.Because these physical sciences were the first to use the scientific method some scientific purists tend to look down on social sciences, including economics, as not meriting the title of "science." The distinction between social and physical sciences, however, is somewhat arbitrary. For example, while psychologists study human behavior and chemists study chemical reactions, a growing body of evidence suggests that human behavior depends on chemical reactions in the brain. As such, are chemists who study the chemistry of the brain doing physical science or social science? Or are psychologists who study behavior related to the chemistry of the brain doing social science or physical science? The conclusion is both and neither. The conclusion is that the real world is somewhat arbitrarily segmented into different areas, including physical science and social science as well as chemistry and psychology. This segmentation enables specialization of scientific effort as scientists become experts in narrowly defined topics. The real world, however, is a continuum of complex, interrelated phenomena. So long as this interrelated continuum is recognized, specialization produces all sorts of efficiency benefits.
Recommended Citation:PHYSICAL SCIENCE, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2025. [Accessed: July 1, 2025].
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex looking to buy either a genuine down-filled pillow or one of those "hang in there" kitty cat posters. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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It's estimated that the U.S. economy has about $20 million of counterfeit currency in circulation, less than 0.001 perecent of the total legal currency.
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"Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other. " -- Benjamin Franklin
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M3
M2 plus investment types of near monies, including large denomination certificates of deposits, institutional money market deposits, and longer term repurchase agreements and Eurodollars
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