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COMPETITION AMONG THE MANY: A market with so many buyers and sellers that none is able to influence the market price or quantity exchanged. This type of competition is the one most favored by economists (the other type is competition among the few). Compared to a three-person sprint, this is like a 10,000-entry road race. To win this race, I can't count on the other 9,999 coming up injured. To win, I may have to be the best I've ever been. I just might have to set a world record. This is the type of competition that brings out the best, most efficient use of resources.
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                           POINT ELASTICITY: The relative responsiveness of a change in one variable (call it B) to an infinitesimally small change in another variable (call it A). The notion of point elasticity typically comes into play when discussing the elasticity at a specific point on a curve. Point elasticity can be calculated in a number of different ways. Sophisticated economists, using sophisticated mathematical techniques (better known as calculus) calculate point elasticity by using derivatives. Derivatives are calculus talk for infinitesimally small changes. The formula for calculating point elasticity using calculus is given as:The symbol that looks like a backward six (∂) is the mathematical notation for a derivative, or infinitesimally small change. The first term on the right-hand side of this formula is the percentage change in variable B and the second term is the percentage change in variable A.Unsophisticated folks can also calculate point elasticity without the use of sophisticated calculus. This is done with the midpoint elasticity formula, presented here: midpoint
elasticity | = | (B2 - B1)
(B2 + B1)/2 | ÷ | (A2 - A1)
(A2 + A1)/2 |
The first term on the right-hand side of the equation is the percentage change in variable B. The second term is the percentage change in variable A. The individual items are interpreted as this: A1 is the initial value of A before any changes, A2 is the ending value after A changes, B1 is the initial value of B before any changes, and B2 is the ending value after B changes.This midpoint elasticity formula actually calculates the average or arc elasticity of the entire line segment. However, it also calculates the point elasticity for the midpoint of a line segment.
Recommended Citation:POINT ELASTICITY, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2022. [Accessed: October 6, 2022].
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time calling an endless list of 800 numbers wanting to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandfather or a weathervane with a cow on top. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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