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DEADWEIGHT LOSS: A net loss in social welfare that results because the benefit generated by an action differs from the foregone opportunity cost. This is usually the combination of lost consumer surplus and lost producer surplus, and indicates of the inefficiency of a situation. Deadweight loss is commonly illustrated by a market diagram if the quantity of output produced results in a demand price that exceeds the supply price. The triangle formed by the demand curve above, supply curve below, and quantity to the left is the area of deadweight loss. If demand price equals supply price, this triangle disappears and so too does the deadweight loss. Deadweight loss can result from government actions (taxes, price controls) or from market failures (externalities, market control)
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PRIVATE GOODS Goods characterized by rival consumption and the ability to exclude nonpayers. Private goods are one of four types of goods differentiated by consumption rivalry and nonpayer excludability. The other three goods are public (nonrival consumption and nonpayers cannot be excluded), common-property (rival consumption and nonpayers cannot be excluded), and near-public (nonrival consumption and nonpayers can be excluded). Rival consumption and the ease of excluding of nonpayers means private goods can be efficiently exchanged through markets.
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PINK FADFLY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time watching infomercials wanting to buy either a pair of red goulashes with shiny buckles or a handcrafted bird feeder. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from former employers.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"If I have ever made any valuable discoveries, it has been owing more to patient attention than to any other talent. " -- Isaac Newton, mathematician, physicist
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IRPP
Institute for Research on Public Policy
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