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DIVISION OF LABOR: A basic economic notion that labor resources are used more efficiently if work tasks are divided among different workers. This allows workers to specialize in production as each becomes highly skilled at specific tasks. Efficiency achieved through specialization and the division of labor was popularized by Adam Smith in his classic work, The Wealth of Nations. This division-of-labor notion is one of those concepts that is so fundamental to the economy that its importance is occasionally overlooked in the real world. It is, for example, essential to foreign trade. Without the division of labor the comfortable standard of living currently provided by our exceeding complex economic system would not be possible.
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MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO IMPORT The change in imports purchased from the foreign induced by a change in income or production (national income or gross domestic product). The marginal propensity to import (abbreviated MPM) is another term for the slope of the imports line and is calculated as the change in imports divided by the change in income or production. The MPM plays a role in Keynesian economics. It augments the slope of the aggregate expenditures line and is part to the multiplier process. A related marginal measure is the marginal propensity to consume.
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Only 1% of the U.S. population paid income taxes when the income tax was established in 1914.
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"Concentrate all your thoughts upon the work at hand. The sun's rays do not burn until brought to a focus." -- Alexander Graham Bell, inventor
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VES
Variable Elasticity of Substitution
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