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ASSUMPTIONS, CLASSICAL ECONOMICS: Classical economics, especially as directed toward macroeconomics, relies on three key assumptions--flexible prices, Say's law, and saving-investment equality. Flexible prices ensure that markets adjust to equilibrium and eliminate shortages and surpluses. Say's law states that supply creates its own demand and means that enough income is generated by production to purchase the resulting production. The saving-investment equality ensures that any income leaked from consumption into saving is replaced by an equal amount of investment. Although of questionable realism, these three assumptions imply that the economy would operate at full employment.
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RISK The quantitative probability of different future outcomes occurring. The assignment of probabilities can be subjective (based on a "feeling") or objective (based on historical data). Risk is related to the concept of uncertainty, which is simply not knowing what the future holds. People have three alternative preferences when confronting risk -- risk aversion, risk neutrality, and risk loving. Risk aversion is key to the provision of insurance.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the shopping mall seeking to buy either a printer that works with your stockpile of ink cartridges or income tax software. Be on the lookout for cardboard boxes.
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A thousand years before metal coins were developed, clay tablet "checks" were used as money by the Babylonians.
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"Advice is like snow ‚ the softer it falls, the longer it dwells upon and the deeper it sinks into the mind. " -- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet
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G7
Group of Seven
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